< Odysseus, son of Laertes >
1 Origin
In 1235 BC, Odysseus was born in Ithaca on the Ionian Sea.
Odysseus' father was Laertes.
Laertes was the son of Arcesius (or Arcisius) and Chalcomedusa.
Odysseus' mother was Anticleia (or Anticlia).
Anticleia was the daughter of Autolycus and Amphithea.
2 Family
Odysseus married Penelope and had a son Telemachus.
Penelope was the daughter of Icarius, son of Oebalus, and Polycaste.
Polycaste (or Polyboea), daughter of Lygaeus, is presumed to have been a prisoner of war acquired by Icarius in the Heracles expedition.
Tradition has it that Odysseus had sons with Circe: Telegonus, Antias, Ardeias, and Romus.
However, the genealogy of Circe is completely unknown, and the tradition about Circe seems to be a fiction.
3 Others
3.1 Sisyphus, father of Odysseus
Plutarch, an early 2nd century AD author, tells us that Odysseus' father was Sisyphus, not Laertes.
Plutarch's references seem to have been to the 5th century BC tragic poets Euripides and Sophocles.
Corinth and Athens had been friendly with each other for a long time, but around 459 BC, when the Corinthian colony Megara became an ally of Athens, Corinth and Athens became enemies. This was around the time that Euripides and Sophocles were active in Athens.
The poets of Athens may have tried to discredit the rival Corinth by making Sisyphus, whom Homer tells us was a scoundrel of Corinth, the father of Odysseus.
However, Glaucus, son of Hippolochus, son of Bellerophontes, son of Glaucus, son of Sisyphus, lived during the Trojan War period.
If Odysseus was the son of Sisyphus, Odysseus would have lived three generations before the Trojan War period.
3.2 Odysseus' Visit to Ephyra
Odysseus visits Ilus, son of Mermerus of Ephyra in Thesprotia, in search of poison to apply to his arrows.
This Mermerus was the son of Jason, who led the expedition of the Argonauts, and Meda, daughter of Aeetes.
It is likely that Ilus's poison-making skills were passed down from his grandmother Meda, who was well known for her poison-making skills.
In his later years, Jason moved from Corinth to Scheria (later Corcyra) on the Ionian Sea.
3.3 Trojan War
3.3.1 Odysseus' Participation in the Troy Expedition
Odysseus, one of the major characters in Iliad, does not appear to have participated in the Trojan War as a historical fact.
In 1188 BC, the expedition led by Achilles, son of Peleus, sided with Hector, son of Priam, and was joined by Achaeans who were trading with the Black Sea area.
There is no genealogical connection between Odysseus and Achilles, and it is not known whether Odysseus traded with the Black Sea. Therefore, it cannot be confirmed whether Odysseus ever set foot on the soil of Ilium.
In 1170 BC, the sons of Hector, who had fled to the land of Molossians, led an expedition to recapture Ilium, which had been occupied by the sons of Antenor.
The expedition likely included people from the islands of the Ionian Sea, but Odysseus is not believed to have been on it.
If Odysseus was alive at that time, he would have been about 65 years old.
3.3.2 Narrative with Odysseus as a Major Character
The original author of "Iliad" is presumed to be Demodocus, a poet for hire of Alcinous of Corcyra.
The prototype of "Odyssey" may also have been written by Demodocus.
Odysseus was the father of Telemachus, the husband of Nausicaa, daughter of Alcinous, the employer of Demodocus.
Demodocus was in a position to know many things about Odysseus.
< Oneiros, son of Achilles >
1 Origin
In 1203 BC, Oneiros was born in Phthia of Thessaly.
Oneiros's father was Achilles.
Oneiros's mother was Deidamia.
2 Other
Oneiros was killed by Orestes.
< Ogygus, ancestry of Athenians >
1 Origin
Ogygus was born in 1770 BC near the Cephisus River in Phocis.
2 Family
Ogygus' son Eleusis founded Eleusis.
Some say that Ogygus himself founded Eleusis.
Ogygus had a daughter, Alalcomenia.
Ogygus had a daughter, Aulis.
3 Other
In 1750 BC, a great flood occurred upstream of the Cephisus River.
Ogygus led the Ectenes down the Cephisus River and settled in Boeotia. The Ectenes lived from Aulis in the east to Alalcomenae in the west.
Ogygus was the king of Ectenes.
The inhabitants of Boeotia were called Ectenes.
Boeotia was called Ogygia.
The northern gate of Thebes bears the name of Ogygus.
< Opus, son of Locrus >
1 Origin
Opus was born in Antheia near Thermopylae in 1325 BC.
Opus' father was Locrus, son of Physcius.
2 Family
Opus had a son, Cynus.
3 Others
In 1262 BC, Opus moved from Antheia to the eastern edge of Epicnemidian Locris and founded Opus.
It was where his ancestors Deucalion and Amphictyon had lived in the past.
Opus recruited people from all over the country to build the town. Many people from Argos, Thebes, Pisa, Arcadia, and Thessaly joined and became the inhabitants of Opus.
The inhabitants of Opus were mixed and no longer belonged to a specific tribe, so they came to be called Leleges.
< Orestheus, son of Deucalion >
1 Origin
In 1430 BC, Orestheus (or Oreius) was born in Doris, near the Peneius River in northern Thessaly.
Orestheus' father was Deucalion, son of Dorus.
2 Family
Orestheus had a son, Phytius (or Oxylus).
3 Others
In 1420 BC, Orestheus emigrated from northern Thessaly to the land (later Cynus) at the eastern end of Epicnemidian Locris.
In 1405 BC, Orestheus emigrated from Epicnemidian Locris to Ozolian Locris.
< Orchomenus, son of Minyas >
1 Origin
Orchomenus was born in Orchomenus, Boeotia, in 1330 BC.
Orchomenus' father was Minyas, son of Chryses.
2 Family
Pausanias records that Orchomenus had no children.
But Orchomenus had a daughter, Elara (or Elare).
3 Others
In 1275 BC, Hyettus, who had been driven out of Argos after killing Molurus, son of Arisbas, immigrated to Orchomenus.
Orchomenus gave Hyettus land, and Hyettus founded the town of Hyettus.
Hyettus is thought to be the son of Bias, son of Amythaon, son of Tyro, daughter of Salmoneus, son of Aeolus, son of Hippotes.
In other words, Hyettus is presumed to have come into exile, relying on his kinsman Orchomenus as Hellenes.
< Orithyia, daughter of Erechtheus >
1 Origin
Orithyia (or Oreithyia) was born in Athens in 1405 BC.
Orithyia lived near the Ilissus River that flows through Athens.
Orithyia's father was Erechtheus, the sixth king of Athens.
2 Family
Orithyia married Boreas.
Orithyia had a daughter, Cleopatra.
Orithyia had a daughter, Chione.
Orithyia had twin sons, Zetes and Calais.
3 Others
In 1390 BC, a huge tsunami in the Aegean Sea hit Athens.
Boreas and Orithyia joined the colony of Aeetes, the son of Sisyphus, who was about to set sail from Ephyra (later Corinth) in search of a new land.
Boreas and Orithyia traveled up the Hebrus (now Maritsa) River, across from Samothrace in Thracia, and settled near its tributary, the Rheginia (now Ergene) River. The Rheginia River was formerly called the Erigon River, and was located at the foot of Mount Haemon, near the Sarpedon Rock.
< Ogygus, father of Thebe >
1 Origin
Ogygus was born in Boeotia in 1610 BC.
Ogygus is a descendant of Ogygus, ancestor of the Athenians, and is thought to be the uncle of Cecrops, the first king of Athens.
Cecrops' father founded Sais in the Nile Delta in Egypt.
2 Family
Ogygus had a daughter, Thebe.
3 Others
Ogygus founded Thebes in Egypt.
Thebes was the town where Cadmus was later born, and is thought to have been in the Nile Delta, not in Upper Egypt.
< Orchomenus, son of Lycaon >
1 Origin
In 1510 BC, Orchomenus was born in Lycosura in Arcadia.
Orchomenus' father was Lycaon.
Lycaon was the son of Pelasgus.
2 Family
2.1 Daughters
Orchomenus had seven daughters, Alcyone, Merope, Celaeno, Electra, Sterope, Taygete, Maera (or Maia), by several wives, including Pleione.
The daughters were called Pleiades (or Atlantides).
2.2 Sons
Orchomenus also had a son named Coritus, who is presumed to have inherited Methydrium from his father, based on the following
1) Coritus was the father of Dardanus.
2) Dardanus inherited Methydrium from Atlas (Orchomenus).
3 Others
3.1 Founding of Orchomenus and Methydrium
In 1490 BC, Orchomenus founded Orchomenus in Arcadia.
In 1480 BC, Orchomenus founded Methydrium in Arcadia.
3.2 Atlas, father of Pleiades
Orchomenus was the father of the Pleiades, named after the constellation and called Atlas.
Atlas, the father of Pleiades, lived near Mount Thaumasius in Arcadia.
Mount Thaumasius was near Methydrium.
Atlas was reportedly king of the Arcadians and was presumably Orchomenus, the founder of Methydrium.
3.3 Another name
Some sources give Ergeus as the name of the father of Celaeno, the mother of Nycteus and Lycus.
Orchomenus had another name, Ergeus.
< Oeneus, son of Calydon >
1 Origin
Oeneus was born in Calydon in 1290 BC.
1.1 Father of Oeneus
1.1.1 Traditional father of Oeneus
The following are the names of Oeneus' father:
Homer says he was Portheus, father of Agrius and Melas.
Hesiod says he was Porthaon.
Hyginus says he was Parthaon.
Apollodoros says he was Parthaon, son of Agenor, son of Pleuron.
Antoninus Liberalis says he was Portheus.
Pausanias says he was Porthaon.
1.1.2 Another Oeneus
Pausanias records the legend of Mothone of Messenia, who gave birth to an illegitimate daughter, Mothone, when Oeneus returned to Diomedes after the Trojan War.
However, Homer, in his "Catalogue of Ships," writes that Oeneus was already dead.
Oeneus' grandson Diomedes had married before the Trojan War, and Oeneus was old enough to have great-grandchildren.
Thus, it seems likely that Parthaon, son of Agenor, son of Pleuron, had a son named Oeneus, but this was probably a different man from Diomedes' grandfather.
1.1.3 Presumption of Oeneus' father
According to the tradition of Mothone, Oeneus, the son of Parthaon, was of the same generation as Diomedes, and Oeneus, the grandfather of Diomedes, was of the same generation as Agenor, the grandfather of Oeneus, the son of Parthaon.
Therefore, Oeneus, the grandfather of Diomedes, is presumed to be the son of one of the two sons of Aetolus, Pleuron and Calydon.
Also, in the battle between Curetes and the Calydonians, Meleager, the son of Oeneus, was killed by the sons of Thestius, the son of Pleuron.
In other words, Oeneus, the ruler of Calydon, was not of Curetes' lineage.
Therefore, the father of Oeneus, the grandfather of Diomedes, was Calydon, the son of Aetolus, not Pleuron, the son of Aetolus.
Pleuron, the son of Aetolus, married Xanthippe, the daughter of Dorus of Curetes. Pleuron's sons, Agenor and Thestius, were leaders of Curetes.
1.1.4 Support for the Presumption
Oeneus' son Tydeus defected to Argos to live with Adrastus, the son of Talaus.
This defection also supports the assumption that Oeneus' father was Calydon, the son of Aetolus.
Calydon's wife was Aeolia, the daughter of Amythaon.
In other words, it is assumed that Tydeus defected to live with Adrastus, the son of Talaus, the son of Bias, the brother of Aeolia, the mother of his father Oeneus.
Adrastus was Tydeus' second cousin.
2 Family
Oeneus married Althaea, daughter of Thestius.
Oeneus and Althaea had a son, Meleager (or Meleagrus).
Oeneus and Althaea had sons, Toxeus, Thyreus, Clymenus, and Olenias.
Oeneus and Althaea had sons, Ancaeus and Agelaus.
Oeneus and Althaea had a son, Menalippus.
Oeneus and Althaea had a daughter, Deianeira (or Dejanira).
Oeneus married Periboea, daughter of Hipponous.
Oeneus and Periboea had a son, Tydeus.
Oeneus and Periboea had a daughter, Gorges (or Gorge).
Oeneus also had a son, Laocoon.
3 Battle with Curetes
In 1246 BC, the conflict between the colonists and the natives, which had been going on since the time of the settlement of Aetolus, became a battle that would be handed down to later generations.
The fierce battle between the Aetolians and Curetes lasted for six days.
This battle became the story of the Calydonian boar hunt.
3.1 Conquest of Olenus
Oeneus attacked and captured Olenus in Aetolia, taking Hipponous' daughter Periboea captive.
Strabo writes that Aeolis destroyed Olenus.
Oeneus belonged to the Aetolians, a branch of the Epeans, a branch of Aeolis, and the Aeolis described by Strabo seems to be Oeneus.
However, since the name of Olenus in Aetolia appears in Homer's "Catalogue of Ships," it is unlikely that Oeneus was the destroyer.
The destroyer of Olenus is presumed to be Aeolis, who lived in Calydon and Pleuron, as described by Thucydides.
3.2 Victory or Defeat of the Battle
Oeneus of Calydon was victorious, and took control of Pleuron and Curetes.
The dominion of Oeneus extended from Calydon westward, far beyond Pleuron and the settlements of Curetes, to the river Achelous, which marks the border between Acarnania and Aetolia, and was called the river Thestius in the time of Oeneus.
4 Living with Heracles
In 1238 BC, Heracles, the son of Amphitryon, moved from Pheneus in Arcadia to Calydon.
Shortly before this, Heracles had been fighting Elis, and Oecles, the son of Mantius, who led the Argives, also participated in the battle.
It is assumed that Heracles was introduced to Oeneus of Calydon by Oecles.
Oecles' wife, Hypermnestra, was the daughter of Thestius, and Oeneus was the husband of her sister Althaea. In other words, Oeneus was Oecles' brother-in-law.
In addition, Melampus, the father of Oecles' father Mantius, was the brother of Aeolia, the wife of Calydon, father of Oeneus. In other words, Oeneus was the son of Oecles' grandfather's brother-in-law.
4.1 Battle with Achelous
In 1238 BC, Heracles defeated Achelous, who had invaded Calydon.
Achelous' wife was Melpomene (or Sterope), daughter of Parthaon, son of Agenor, son of Pleuron. This suggests that Pleuron attacked Calydon.
However, Melpomene was a second cousin of the sons of Molione, daughter of Molus, son of Pleuron. This means that Achelous' target may have been Heracles himself, who had killed the sons of Molione.
4.2 Marriage of Deianeira
After the battle with Achelous, Heracles married Deianeira, daughter of Oeneus.
Heracles was 37 years old, and Deianeira was 17.
Deianeira was the woman Heracles married after he divorced Megara, daughter of Creon of Thebes. Deianeira became the mother of Heracles' eldest son, Hyllus, who became the ancestor of the most powerful members of the Heracleidae.
4.3 Campaign to Thesprotia
In 1237 BC, the Calydonians led a campaign against Thesprotia led by Heracles and captured Ephyra.
Oeneus is thought to have led the Calydonians in Heracles' attack on Ephyra.
4.4 Irrigation of Achelous
Heracles pleased Oeneus by dredging the area around the mouth of the Achelous River.
Heracles probably irrigated the flooded area near the mouth of the river Achelous, called Paracheloitis.
The Achelous flowed west of Calydon, just west of the lands inhabited by Pleuron and Curetes. Calydon and Pleuron had been at war for many years, but this proves that Oeneus's rule at that time extended all the way to the Achelous.
4.5 Heracles' Migration
Heracles left Calydon in the third year of his marriage to Deianeira.
This migration is believed to have been driven by the will of Eurystheus of Mycenae, who feared Heracles' further expansion of power in Calydon. It is assumed that Oecles' son Amphiaraus conveyed this will to Oeneus. Amphiaraus was born in Calydon, and Oecles and Oeneus were brothers-in-law through their respective wives.
5 Exile in Argos
In 1202 BC, Oeneus was driven out of Calydon by the sons of Agrius and went into exile to Diomedes in Argos.
Oeneus' son-in-law Heracles had already died, but Amphissa had a son-in-law, Andraemon. At that time, the Argives had taken Thebes, and the fame of Argos must have reached Oeneus. Oeneus' son Tydeus had already died, and he was in exile, relying on his grandson Diomedes.
5.13 Diomedes' expedition
In 1202 BC, Diomedes, the son of Tydeus, the son of Oeneus, marched to Aetolia to avenge Oeneus, who had been driven out of Calydon.
5.13.1 Participants in the expedition
There are different traditions that Diomedes's ally in the expedition was Alcmaeon, son of Amphiaraus, or Sthenelus, son of Capaneus.
Alcmaeon's mother, Hypermnestra, was the daughter of Thestius of Pleuron, and it is unlikely that Alcmaeon would have participated in a battle against a relative.
Sthenelus was a close friend of Diomedes, and it is likely that he assisted him in the expedition.
Andraemon of Amphissa, Ozolian Locris, also participated in the expedition.
Andraemon was the husband of Gorges, daughter of Oeneus, and brother-in-law of Tydeus, father of Diomedes.
After the battle, Diomedes left Aetolia in the care of Andraemon.
There is also a tradition that Oeneus accompanied him on this expedition and returned to Argos.
However, this would make the expedition to bring back Oeneus meaningless, since Oeneus must have died before this, and Diomedes must have gone on the expedition to avenge him.
< Oenomaus, son of Alxion >
1 Origin
Oenomaus was born in 1353 BC in Heraea, in western Arcadia.
Oenomaus' father was Alxion.
Oenomaus' mother was Harpina (or Harpine).
2 Family
Oenomaus married Evarete, daughter of Acrisius of Argos.
Oenomaus and Evarete had a daughter, Hippodamia.
Oenomaus had a daughter, Alcippe.
Oenomaus had a son, Dysponteus.
Stephanus, in the 6th century AD, reports that Dyspontium in Eleia, founded by Dysponteus, was named after Dyspontus, son of Pelops.
3 Others
3.1 Founding of Harpina
In 1330 BC, Oenomaus founded Harpina on the Alpheius River downstream from Heraea in Arcadia, near its confluence with the Harpinates River.
3.2 Emigration to Pisa
In 1315 BC, Oenomaus of Harpina attacked Pisa and took the city from Pisus.
It is presumed that Pisus, the son of Perieres, of Pisa, was killed by Oenomaus.
Pisus' wife Telegone moved to her father Pharis, who lived in Pharae in Messenia.
3.3 Successor Pelops
Euripides states that Pelops fought Oenomaus and killed him with a spear.
Oenomaus had many sons, but they may have died in the battle with Pelops, and only the names of his daughters are known.
However, it is presumed that there was no battle between Pelops and Oenomaus from the following:
1) Oenomaus' wife was Evarete, the daughter of Acrisius, grandfather of Perseus.
2) When Pelops was a boy, Perseus, who had just married Andromeda, lived near Pelops.
3) Pelops' three daughters were married to Perseus' three sons.
4) Oenomaus' daughter Alcippe had a daughter, Marpessa, who became the wife of Aphareus' son Idas.
5) Alcippe was born 10 years after Pelops and Hippodamia married.
In other words, Pelops had a close relationship with Perseus, and it is assumed that Pelops, who moved from Lydia to Peloponnesus, first met Perseus.
It is believed that Perseus accompanied to Olympia, the land of Pelops' ancestors.
On the way, Pelops and Hippodamia are believed to have met in Pisa.
Oenomaus of Pisa was Perseus' uncle-in-law, and his daughter Hippodamia was Perseus' cousin.
It is therefore believed that Oenomaus did not die in the battle with Pelops, but that Pelops inherited Pisa as Oenomaus's son-in-law.
3.4 The Olympic Games
In 1314 BC, Oenomaus held the Olympic Games.
Until then, the Olympic Games had been held by the descendants of Aeolus' son, Aethlius, the founder of Elis.
However, the founder of the Olympic Games was an ancestor of Pelops, who joined forces with Oenomaus to seize the rights to hold the games from Elis.
< Oebalus, son of Cynortas >
1 Origin
Oebalus was born in Sparta in 1327 BC.
Oebalus' father was Cynortas.
2 Family
Oebalus' wife was Batia.
Oebalus and Batia had a son, Hippocoon.
After Batia's death, Oebalus remarried to Perseus' daughter Gorgophone.
Oebalus and Gorgophone had a son, Tyndareus.
Oebalus and Gorgophone had a daughter, Arene.
Oebalus also had a son, Icarius. Icarius' mother was probably Gorgophone.
3 Others
Oebalus lived in Sparta and was succeeded by his son, Hippocoon.
< Olenias, son of Oeneus >
1 Origin
Olenias was born in Calydon in 1265 BC.
Olenias' father was Oeneus, son of Calydon. [Apo.1.8.5]
2 Others
Olenias was killed by his half-brother Tydeus, and appears in legend as the cause of Tydeus's exile to Argos. [Apo.1.8.5]
< Oeneus, son of Parthaon >
1 Origin
Oeneus was born in Pleuron, Aetolia, in 1250 BC.
Oeneus' father was Parthaon, son of Agenor. [Apo.1.8.5]
2 Family
Oeneus had a daughter, Mothone. [Paus.4.35.1]
3 Others
Oeneus, son of Parthaon, is often confused with Oeneus, father of Tydeus, in many traditions. [Home.Il.14.117, Hesiod.CW.F98, Hyginus.14, 129, 172, 175, 239, Apo.1.7.7-10, Antoninus.2, Paus.4.35.1]
< Onchestus, son of Parthaon >
1 Origin
Onchestus was born in 1225 BC in Pleuron, Aetolia.
Onchestus' father was Agrius, son of Parthaon. [Apo.1.8.6].
Onchestus' mother was Dia, daughter of Parthaon. [FGrH.333.123].
2 Others
Onchestus, together with his brothers, exiled Oeneus of Calydon. [Paus.2.25.2]
Onchestus' brothers were then attacked and destroyed by Diomedes, son of Tydeus, but Onchestus reportedly escaped to Peloponnesus. [Apo.1.8.6, Hyginus.175, Paus.2.25.2].
< Ocythoos, son of Socos >
1 Origin
Ocythoos was born in Aptera, northwest of Crete, in 1438 BC.
Ocythoos' father was Socos. [Nonnus.13.135]
Ocythoos' mother was Combe. [Nonnus.13.135]
2 Others
Ocythoos appears in Nonnus' epic poem "Dionysiaca" as one of the seven sons of Socos.
< Orchomenus, son of Thyestes >
1 Origin
Orchomenus was born in Midea, Argolis, in 1270 BC.
Orchomenus' father was Thyestes, son of Pelops. [Euri.Scho.Or.5.1, Tzetzes.1.440]
Orchomenus' mother was Laodameia. [Euri.Scho.Or.5.1]
< Orestes, son of Agamemnon >
1 Origin
Orestes was born in Mycenae, Argolis, in 1202 BC.
Orestes' father was Agamemnon, son of Pleisthenes. [Apo.E.2.15, Hyginus.124, Paus.10.16.4]
Orestes' mother was Clytaemnestra, daughter of Tyndareus. [Apo.E.2.15]
2 Family
Orestes married Hermione, daughter of Menelaus. [Dictys.6.4, Paus.10.16.4]
Orestes and Hermione had a son, Tisamenus. [Hyginus.124, Paus.2.18.6]
Orestes married Erigone, daughter of Aegisthus. [Paus.2.18.6]
Orestes and Erigone had a son, Penthilus. [Paus.2.18.6, Strabo.13.1.3, TzeAdLyco.1374]
3 Others
3.1 Invasion of the Dorians
In 1173 BC, the Dorians, led by Cleodaeus, son of Hyllus, invaded Peloponnesus and attacked Mycenae, Tiryns, and Midea, destroying the towns. [estimated from Paus.3.15.10, Paus.4.30.1]
Orestes fled to Tegea in Arcadia.
Orestes chose Tegea as his refuge because Mycenae and Tegea had long been friendly to each other. Sthenelus, son of Perseus of Mycenae, and Eurystheus, son of Sthenelus, had married women from Tegea for two generations. [FGrH.333.68]
The Tegeans also assisted the Mycenaeans in their war against the Heracleidae. [Diod.4.58.2]
The Tegeans were led by Echemus, husband of Timandra, sister of Orestes' mother Clytaemnestra. [Diod.4.58.4, Herod.9.26]
3.2 Recapture of Mycenae
Orestes gathered his forces, attacked the Dorians, and drove Cleodaeus out of Peloponnesus.
Orestes left the destroyed Mycenae in the care of Aegisthus, who had joined the attack on the Dorians from the island of Cythera, and Orestes himself returned to Tegea. [Euseb.Chron.179, Tzetzes.1.460]
3.3 Colonization
In 1170 BC, Orestes led the people who lived in the area destroyed by the Dorians and started colonization. Orestes colonized the island of Tenedos with Peisander of Amyclae. [FGrH.Nr4.F32, Pind.Ne.11, Strabo.13.1.3]
Around the time Orestes started colonization, Ilium was recaptured by the sons of Hector. [Estimated from JeromeChro.1154]
It is assumed that Orestes led the former inhabitants of Tenedos, who his father Agamemnon had placed in Tenea in Argolis, in an expedition to Troy in support of the sons of Hector.
It is believed that he then colonized the island, bringing with him people who wished to move to Tenedos.
3.4 Annexation of Argos
In 1165 BC, Cylarabes, son of Sthenelus of Argos, died. [Paus.2.18.5]
Cylarabes was the last king of the Anaxagoridae, and the royal line of Argos, which had continued from Phoroneus, the son of Inachus, was broken. Orestes annexed Argos and left it to Tisamenus, the son of Orestes. [Paus.2.18.5]
3.5 Death of Orestes
Orestes died in Orestia. [Apo.E.6.28, TzeAdLyco.1374]
Oresteia was probably in Tegea, not Oresthasium in southern Arcadia. His tomb was inside the city gate of Tegea. [Paus.8.54.4]
Orestes died at the age of 70. [FGrH.Nr12.F25]
< Oenotrus, son of Lycaon >
1 Origin
Oenotrus was born in Aegialeia (later Sicyon) in 1660 BC.
Oenotrus' father was Lycaon, son of Pelasgus. [Antiq.1.11, Euseb.Chron.267, Paus.8.3.5]
Oenotrus' mother was Cyllene. [Antiq.1.13.1]
2 Others
In 1635 BC, Oenotrus migrated to the southwestern part of the Italian peninsula and founded Pandosia. [Antiq.1.11.3, Strabo.6.1.5]
2.1 Motivation and starting point of migration
During the time of Oenotrus' grandfather Pelasgus, King Apis of Argos attacked the Telchines who lived in Aegialeia and captured the city. [Orosius.1.7]
Apis left Aegialeia to his nephew Pelasgus. With Pelasgus, many Pelasgians migrated from Argos to Aegialeia.
25 years later, Apis was killed and Aegialeia became independent from Argos. [Euseb.Chron.173]
After that, conflict between the Telchines and the Pelasgians seems to have arisen in Aegialeia.
Oenotrus led the descendants of those who had migrated from Argos with his grandfather and migrated from Aegialeia to the Italian peninsula.
2.2 Oenotrus' settlement
Oenotrus sailed clockwise along the coast of the Italian peninsula, found a suitable place near the Acheron River in the southwestern part of the peninsula, and settled there. [Strabo.6.1.4]
Oenotrus lived on a high place near the Acheron River where three peaks meet, and the people who settled with him expanded their settlement near the coast and founded Pandosia (present-day Mendicino) at its center. [Strabo.6.1.5]
The people who settled with Oenotrus became known as Oenotrians (or Oenotri), and the region was called Oenotria. [Strabo.6.1.4]
2.3 The earliest overseas migration
Pausanias records that Oenotrus' migration was the first Greek overseas migration. [Paus.8.3.5]
But before that, Cres, son of Telchin, who had been defeated in battle by Apis, had emigrated from Aegialeia to Crete. [See Cres]
< Oreaside, wife of Triopas >
1 Origin
Oreaside (or Sosis) was born in Argos in 1623 BC.
2 Family
Oreaside married Triopas, son of Phorbas. [EuriSchoOr.932.02, Hyginus.145]
Triopas and Oreaside had twin sons, Iasus (or Inachus) and Pelasgus. [Hyginus.145, EuriSchoOr.932.02, Paus.2.16.1, 2.22.1]
Triopas and Oreaside had a son, Agenor. [EuriSchoOr.932.02, Hyginus.145, Paus.2.16.1]
Triopas and Oreaside had a son, Xanthus. [EuriSchoOr.932.02, Hyginus.145, Diod.5.81.2]
Triopas and Oreaside had two sons, Anthus and Eurisabe. [Hyginus.145]
< Oncus, father of Carmenta >
1 Origin
Oncus was born in Arcadia in 1305 BC.
2 Family
Oncus is believed to have had a daughter, Carmenta. [See Carmenta]
Oncus is believed to have had a daughter, Thelpusa. [See Thelpusa]
3 Others
Oncus founded Onceium near the Ladon River in western Arcadia. [Paus.8.25.4]
Oncus is believed to be a descendant of Heraeeus, son of Lycaon, who founded Heraea at the confluence of the Ladon and Alpheius rivers. [Paus.8.26.1]
< Ornytus, son of Lynceus >
1 Origin
Ornytus was born in Abae in Phocis in 1332 BC.
2 Family
Ornytus had a son, Naubolus. [Apollo.1.207]
3 Others
In 1310 BC, Ornytus moved to a place about 33 km west-northwest of Abae and founded a town. The town was named Naubolenses (later Drymaea) after Ornytus' son Naubolus. [Estimated from Paus.10.33.12]
At the same time as Ornytus, Abas, the son of Lynceus, moved from Abae to Euboea, and Ornytus is presumed to be the son of Lynceus.
< Ornia, daughter of Epopeus >
1 Origin
Ornia was born in Asopia (later Sicyon) in 1365 BC.
Ornia's father was Epopeus, son of Aloeus, called the river god Asopus. [Diod.4.72.1]
< Oeoclus, son of Ascra >
1 Origin
Oeoclus was born in Haliartus, Boeotia, in 1360 BC.
Oeoclus' mother was Ascra. [Paus.9.29.1]
2 Others
Oeoclus, together with Otus and Ephialtes, founded Ascra near Haliartus in Boeotia. [Paus.9.29.1]
2.1 Father of Ascra, mother of Oeoclus
Otus and Ephialtes were the sons of Aloeus, son of Aloeus, son of Sisyphus. [Apo.1.7.4]
They are thought to be cousins of Oeoclus, and the father of Ascra, mother of Oeoclus, is thought to be Aloeus, son of Sisyphus.
2.2 Father of Oeoclus
Haliartus, son of Thersander, who lived in Haliartus near Ascra, is presumed to be the father of Oeoclus.
Thersander was the son of Sisyphus, and Haliartus and Ascra were cousins. [Paus.2.5.8, Paus.9.34.8]
< Opheltes, son of Pronax >
1 Origin
Opheltes was born in Nemea, Argolis, in 1210 BC.
Opheltes' father was Lycurgus, son of Pronax. [Apo.1.9.14, Paus.2.15.3, TzeAdLyco.373]
Opheltes' mother was Eurydice. [Apo.1.9.14]
2 Others
Opheltes was called Archemorus (First to Die). [Apo.1.9.14, TzeAdLyco.373]
Opheltes died from celery. [Paus.8.48.2]
Celery can cause poisoning, and Opheltes may have been the first victim to die from the poisoning. [wiki: celery]
< Oeolycus, descendant of Theras >
1 Origin
In 935 BC, Oeolycus (or Oiolycos) was born in Sparta.
Oeolycus was a descendant of Theras, son of Autesion. [Paus.3.15.8]
2 Family
Oeolycus had a son, Aegeus. [Herod.4.149, Paus.3.15.8, Paus.4.7.8]
3 Other
The name Oeolycus was not his real name, but a nickname. [Herod.4.149]
< Oenarus, husband of Ariadne >
1 Origin
Oenarus was born in Naxos in 1310 BC.
2 Family
Oenarus married Ariadne, daughter of Minos. [Plut.Theseus.20, Theophilus.2.7, Hyginus.14]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Staphylus. [Apo.1.9.16, Apo.E.1.9]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Peparethus. [Apo.E.1.9]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Phanus. [Apo.E.1.9]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Thoas. [Apo.E.1.9]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Enyeus. [Schol.Home.Il.9.668]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Oenopion. [Apo.E.1.9, Diod.5.79.1]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Ceramus. [Paus.1.3.1]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Maron. [Theophilus.2.7]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Phliasus (or Phlias). [Hyginus.14, Paus.2.6.6, Apollo.1.115]
Oenarus and Ariadne had a son, Eurymedon. [Hyginus.14]
3 Others
3.1 Father of Oenarus
Oenarus' father is thought to have been Otus or Ephialtes.
They were the sons of Aloeus, the son of Aloeus, the son of Sisyphus, the son of Aeolus. [Apo.1.7.4]
The following suggests that Oenarus' father was Otus or Ephialtes.
1) Otus and Ephialtes emigrated to the island then called Strongyle (later Naxos) and renamed it Dia. [Diod.5.50.6-5.51.2]
Dia was another name for Hebe, the daughter of the goddess Hera, and was worshipped in Phlius and Sicyon. [Strabo.8.6.24]
2) The two sons of Oenarus and Ariadne, Phliasus (or Phlias) and Eurymedon, lived in Phlius. [Hyginus.14]
3) The genealogy shows that there was only one generation between the births of the brothers Otus and Oenarus.
3.2 Expedition to Peloponnesus
Oenarus was a priest of Dionysus in Naxos. [Plut.Theseus.20]
In 1250 BC, Oenarus and Ariadne made an expedition to Peloponnesus to spread the cult of Dionysus. [Paus.2.23.8, Paus.3.13.7]
The expedition included the daughters of Oenarus and the daughters of Leucippus, son of Naxos. [Paus.3.13.7]
They were invited by Melampus, son of Amythaon of Argos. [Estimated from Herod.2.49]
Ariadne died during the journey and was buried in Argos. [Paus.2.23.8]
The tomb of Chorea, who was also part of the expedition, was also in Argos. She was presumably the daughter of Leucippus. [Paus.2.20.4]
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